9th Grade

SUBJECT	CONTENTS
Math	Basic elements of probability: variations and permutations. Different number systems (number theory). Points in the Cartesian plane. Systems of linear equations Systems of linear equations Second degree equations. Graphs of quadratic equations. Equations with radicals. Sequences and progressions. Geometry: Review of angles and their applications. inscribed angle theorem Starting from the triangle, review congruence, analogy, the vector, the four points of the triangle and the Euclidean line. The Pythagorean theorems. Deepening of the calculation of surfaces: Triangle, rectangle, square, rhombus, parallelogram, trapezoid, deltoid. Circle analysis: Perimeter, surface Calculation of solids: Cube, pyramids, prisms, sphere, cylinder. Construction and recognition of the Plato and Archimedean solids. Symmetry in Plato’s solids: cube, octahedron, tetrahedron The golden section and its application in architecture, in nature and in man
Spanish	COMMUNICATION BLOCK Communication and the media. The communication. Types of elements and signs. Transmitter-receiver. Context and communicative situation. Oral communication. The functions of language. Relations. Recognition of language functions in selected texts. The media. Description and types of language. Newspapers on paper and digital. Informative and opinion genres. News, chronicles, reports and interviews. Advantages and disadvantages of the media. Radio and television. Advertising. Definition. Characteristics of advertising language. Advertising Resources. Ad structure. Media, stereotypes and advertising resources. Regulatory, legal and administrative vocabulary. Latinisms. Narrative texts. Abbreviations, initials and acronyms. His accent. Spelling of abbreviations. Use of bold, italics and underlining. The dialogue. Definition and types. Formal and informal dialogue. Language features in chats and forums. Lexical family. Semantic and associative field. Denotation and connotation. Taboo and euphemism. Language and tongue. Language levels. Language and levels of use. The jargons. Bilingualism and diglossia. Origin of Romance languages. Romanization and contact between languages. Birth and consolidation of the Romance languages. MORPHOLOGY AND GRAMMAR BLOCK Morphological and syntactic analysis of compound sentences. Types of sentences: simple and compound. Reminder. Coordination and juxtaposition. Subordinate clauses: nouns, adjectives and adverbials. Periprastic passive sentences. Impersonality. Use of the conditional and the subjunctive. correct uses. Correct use of punctuation. Correct use of question marks and exclamation marks. Use of parentheses. Formation of verbs and adverbs. Verbal and adverbial derivation. Correct spelling of some letters: the letter Z The letter Y and the letter LL. The letter V, B and W. The spelling RR. Dubious spelling of some letters: C/CC, S/X. The interspersed H. Nominal derivation and adjective derivation. Nominal derivation with prefixes and suffixes. Conjunction and interjection. Cult affixes. Word structure. Word classes and types according to their morphology.
Social Sciences	The eighteenth century in Europe until 1789. The era of liberal revolutions. The industrial Revolution. Nineteenth century imperialism and the First World War. The interwar era. 1919-1945. The causes and consequences of World War II. decolonization processes. The stabilization of capitalism and the economic isolation of the Soviet bloc. The era of great inventions. The modern world: The world population. Overpopulation and natural resources. North-South demographic policies. World physical geography. General features. The territory and its resources. The distribution of natural resources in the world. Analyze a resource with the help of maps. The use and production of agricultural resources. industrial production in the world. The tertiary sector. A world of services. The City and urban society in the world. The city inside, urban space and its functions. The cities of the world. The sustainability of cities. The rehabilitation of cities. An unequal world, a world in conflict. The distribution of wealth in the world. The diversity of conflicts in the world. Interstate political organizations. Cooperate to improve the world. Study of a chosen organization and presentation and debate in class. An approach to climatology. Plate tectonics. The technological revolution and globalization at the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st. The relationship between the past, present and future through history and geography.
Natural Sciences	Technology Period I: Engines, thermodynamics and machines: atmospheric engines. Pressure. Steam engines. Boyle’s Law. air volume and temperature (air thermometer, Charles’ Law). temperature scales. The internal combustion engine. Carnot cycles. Biography of Sadi Carnot). Biography of Rodolfo Diesel. The four-stroke cycle engine. Engine components and their functions. Bernoulli’s principle and applications. Heat. The expansion of water. The expansion of solids. Heat capacity (optional) Heat transfer. phase changes, latent heat Refrigerators. the electromagnetic spectrum Radio communication. Cell phones. Relate thermodynamic cycles with the operation of engines and their performance. The historical development of the steam engine and its importance in the evolution of Europe. Steam boiler operation. First and second law of thermodynamics. Comparison of energy sources. Renewable energy Technology Period II: Information technology: Hardware: building a computer Software: different operating systems binary language Programming. Different programming languages and their uses. Internet. History of its beginning and current situation. Selection and filtering of information. Creation of webpages. Physical. Electricity and magnetism: Electrostatic force as distance interaction between electric charges. Qualitative and quantitative relationships between electrostatic force, amount of charge and distance. Construction of simple electrical circuits. The conductivity of various materials and earth, thermal performance. Magnetic effect of electric current and some of its applications: Morse apparatus, electric bell, rotating coil, electric motor, current transformer. Concept of potential difference, current and resistance. Application of Ohm’s law Introduction of the concept of electrical work, electrical current output and its units. Telephone technology, dialing on a rotary phone. Chemistry Period: Organic chemistry (continuation of 8th): Photosynthesis and respiration as oxidation and reduction phenomena. The chemistry of sugars, starch, cellulose, alcohols, acids and esters, both in the plant and in technological applications (cellulose, soap, artificial flavors, perfumes, cotton, gunpowder…) Enzymes, fermentation, anaerobic and aerobic respiration. The chemistry of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Air pollution. Ozone. Hydrocarbons and their daily applications (plastics, refrigerants…) Oil refining. Carbon and nitrogen cycles. Formulation of oxides, salts and acids. hydrogen. Non-metals (chlorine, sulfur…). Biology Period: The skin and sensory organs: (was seen an introduction in 8th grade) Skin structure. The sense of touch and the perception of heat. Sight: the eye and the camera. The ear: internal structure. Movement and balance. Smell and taste. Organs and relationships. Health and social issues (sweat, spots, cuts, bruises, skin color and racism, eye diseases and the use of glasses, society’s relationship with deaf or blind people…) Rhythmic system of the heart and lungs: Structure and function of the heart. Veins, arteries and capillaries. Embryology of the heart. (there will be a period of embryology in 11th) Structure and function of the pulmonary circulation. Composition and function of blood. Structure and function of the respiratory organs. Lung disease (tobacco, industry and air pollution) Social and health considerations (protection of industrial workers, anti-smoking laws, blood transfusions, vaccines, AIDS, the immune system and germs…) Geology period: From the Geography curriculum: Structure and distribution of the continents and oceans. Morphology and formation of mountain folds. Earth’s “cross mountain”—great rift valleys, volcanoes, smelts, and mountain ranges on the ocean floor. From continental drift to plate tectonics. Mineralogy, rhythmic processes in the formation of rocks. Global look at the history of the Earth. Geologic strata showing ice ages and the effects of glaciation. An overview of the other main forms of erosion.
Handwork	Loom in relation to different fabrics. Basketry, braiding techniques, origin and preparation of materials. Construction of a basket. Exercise of imagining the finished work: make sketches of what was planned, describe a part of the work carried out, write a self-evaluation of the process and of the finished product. Bátic , painted on silk. Produce handkerchiefs, scarves, pillows, curtains, tablecloths or clothing. Design adapted to the person (age, style, temperament) or environment: shape, colours, patterns, material…
English	Recitation: “ Declaration of independence ” Readings: Biographies of outstanding personalities. Readings and discussions of social issues such as racial issues. Representation of small fragments and humorous dialogues (possibly written by themselves. Oral comprehension exercises, summaries and writings of fragments of readings. Reports and essays written by themselves. Image descriptions. Grammar: Review of everything learned and review of tenses, global vision of verbs in different tenses. Passive voice: personal and prepositional construction. Transitive and intransitive verbs, participles that abbreviate the sentence.
Music	General studies: the system of lines and music notation, scales, circle of the fifth, intervals, agreements and inversions, both in instrumental and choral work, and in improvisation and composition exercises. Description, characterization, comparison and evaluation of musical works. Establishment of links with history and other arts. Experimentation of the phenomena of contemporary music. MUSICAL THEORY Canons, fugues, suites, cantatas, oratorios, introduction to the counterpoint style Differences between monophonic/polyphonic and temperate environment. Study of different instruments, for example, the organ and other keyboard instruments BIOGRAPHIES Compare Mozart with Beethoven, Bach with Handel . ATTENDANCE TO CONCERTS AND OPERAS: Classic works, with prior preparation and subsequent evaluation. SINGING, CHORAL SINGING voice training Repertoire (choral): popular songs, intimate songs, examples of light music, political songs, etc., a cappella with accompaniment, unison and in several voices.
Literature	Definition and elements of the narrative. The narrative structure. The voice of the characters. The description. Definition and types. Elements of literary language. Literary genres. Main literary figures: Hyperbole, personification or prosopopoeia, comparison or simile, metaphor, hyperbaton, anaphora, polysyndeton, alliteration, parallelism. Analysis of selected literary texts. Customs and modernism. Reading of modernist works. General characteristics of the literature. Characteristics of Spanish literature through time and literary genres.
Handwork	Experiment with the basic elements of modeling using clay to make reliefs, for example: compositions that emerge from a flat surface. Compositions that emerge from concave and convex surfaces. curved and angular shapes Compositions from surfaces that rotate on themselves Attempt to find a holistic composition within a specified language form Students must learn to experience the reality of the space around them. A “negative cast” could be made from negative plaster and then a “positive cast” made from that negative. Make masks from a clay base, from the relief shape, to a complete three-dimensional figure.
Gardening	HORTICULTURE: landscape maintenance Construction of roads, steps, fences Ponds and water recycling projects Cultivation and maintenance of fruit trees, tree pruning. decorative plants
Carpentry	Study and care of tools Knowledge of the different types of wood, its characteristics and uses Achieve security in the processes of tightening, edging, chiseling through simple joints Precision in surface treatment and finishes Application of these skills to useful tasks Research on forestry in Mallorca Making rustic garden furniture Discussion of environmental aspects of wood processing. Registration of information on techniques and materials.